After Turkeys earthquake, a grave mental health toll looms

ISTANBUL It has been three weeks since Ms Tugce Seren Guls aunt and grandmother were killed in Antakya when a devastating earthquake struck Turkeys south-east. And yet every night, she waits until 4.17am, the exact time that the disaster hit, to try to go to sleep.

I keep thinking another disaster will strike at that time and just wait for it to pass, said Ms Gul, 28, who managed to run out of her family house with her mother moments before the walls of her house collapsed during the tremors.

After reaching the street barefoot, Ms Gul saw the dead bodies of neighbours killed by falling concrete. She remembers the screams of people trapped in collapsed buildings.

Ms Gul said the horror had put a heavy toll on the mental health of survivors who lost everything in the city of Antakya, which was devastated by the quake. She wants to one day seek professional help to address the trauma, but for now establishing a new life for herself and her family is the only priority.

The magnitude-7.8 earthquake, the most deadly in modern Turkeys history, will have a deep psychological impact, experts and officials say. More than 44,300 people died in the country, and over 1.5 million were left homeless in freezing conditions. Millions have lost family members, jobs, life savings and their hopes for the future. Children at risk

Experts fear children will be hardest hit. The United Nations International Childrens Emergency Fund (Unicef) said many of the more than 5.4 million children who live across the quake zone were at risk of developing anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.

We know how important learning and routine is for children and their recovery, Unicef regional director for Europe and Central Asia Afshan Khan said, after a visit to Turkey.

They need to be able to resume their education, and they urgently need psychosocial support to help deal with the trauma they have experienced.

At a large camp for displaced people next to Hatay Stadium on the outskirts of Antakya, psychosocial support teams have set up small play areas and pitched tents filled with toys. Children sat on multicoloured chairs in front of a large portable screen that played cartoons. Some children played hopscotch.

Mr Mehmet Sari, a government psychosocial support worker, said he and others in his team have picked up signs of trauma in kids.

We see that some children cant sleep, others cant eat, others have flashbacks and wet their beds, he told Reuters.

They need long-term support to recover from trauma, he said.

Turkeys Ministry of Family and Social Services said it has dispatched more than 3,700 social workers to support the survivors across the quake zone. Children affected by the deadly earthquake draw as a means to support their mental health, in Adiyaman, Turkey, on Feb 17. PHOTO: REUTERS Volunteers with Izmir-based group Sokak Sanatlari Atolyesi dress in Superman and clown costumes and run activities for children living in tents at a shelter in Hatay province.

But a magnitude-6.4 earthquake on Monday shattered efforts to give the children some feeling of normalcy amid weeks of terrifying aftershocks.

A video provided by Mr Erdal Coban, one of the volunteers and the art director of the Sokak Atolyesi, shows the childrens cheers and singing turn to screaming.

Stay calm, one yelled as another held onto a toddler she was carrying. More On This Topic Turkey quake survivor: Im alive, I should help others Nearly 26 million people affected by Turkey-Syria quake, says WHO Constant, chronic stress

Turkish people have already been under significant pressure, said Ms Ayse Bilge Selcuk, a professor and psychologist at Koc University, due to rising poverty and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic. Now the earthquake has taken it to the next level.

The stress is chronic and constant and it is now beyond a level that we can cope with, Professor Selcuk said.

For this nation to get back on its feet, we need to find that strength within us and that starts with our psychology, she added. Volunteers sing with children affected by the deadly earthquake, at a camp for survivors, in Adiyaman, Turkey, on Feb 18, 2023. PHOTO: REUTERS President Tayyip Erdogan has pledged to rebuild homes within a year but it will still be many months before thousands can leave tents or shipping containers and daily queues for food and move into permanent housing, key to gaining the sense of normalcy and safety they lost.

People look numb, likely a defence mechanism to deal with insurmountable stress, according to Prof Selcuk. Anxiety, helplessness and depression are likely to be common, and young people could feel a sense of rage.

Rebuilding efforts should include mental health, Prof Selcuk said, urging the government to provide funding for trained psychologists to be sent to the quake zone and stay there.

Sustainability is key. We shouldnt withdraw our attention three months later, she said. REUTERS More On This Topic Children among those pulled from destroyed buildings in Turkey 105 hours after massive quake, a woman and 5 young children are brought out alive